Abstract: With the intensification of problems such as global warming and environmental pollution, the traditional metallurgical industry has started to develop in the direction of green and low-carbon. Biomass is increasingly used in the metallurgical industry with the advantages of being renewable and carbon-neutral. Firstly, the development history of the application of biomass in steel metallurgy in ancient, modern, and modern times, as well as the key development directions in different periods were reviewed. Secondly, the current application status of biomass in iron and steel metallurgy was summarized from two aspects: the synthesis of biomass-based materials and the application of in blast furnace injection, iron ore pellets, and arc furnace slag foaming agents. Finally, the future development direction of biomass application in metallurgy was prospected from the aspects of metallurgical surplus energy utilization and carbon sink forestry coordinated carbon reduction, phytoremediation and metal extraction.