Abstract: In view of the shortcomings of traditional monitoring techniques for internal stress and strain in bridges, such as poor durability and cumbersome measurement, a structural health monitoring method of bridge hanging basket construction based on fiber grating sensing technology was proposed. Taking the cross-Changhe expressway separation interchange bridge as the research case, the most unfavorable cross section of the bridge under live load during construction was selected, and optical fiber sensors were implanted at the intersection points of the top plate, bottom plate and web center line of the initial girder section at the bridge pier to monitor its stress and strain. The stress and strain changes of the starting beam section during the construction period of the hanging basket were analyzed, and the internal structural health status of bridge hanging basket during construction period was evaluated. The results show that the proposed method can be used to monitor changes in internal stress of bridges.The stress and strain growth of the top plate of the starting beam section are mainly affected by the prestress and tension, while the stress and strain growth of the bottom plate are mainly affected by the concrete pouring. After the box girder of the middle span closed section is poured, the middle span beam section no longer presents the phenomenon of pulling up and pressing down. The stress and strain of the top plate reach their peak values after prestressing the beam section in front of the edge span closing section, while the stress of the bottom plate reaches its peak value after pouring the beam section in front of the edge span closing section. The strain of the bottom plate reaches its peak value after prestressing the side span closing section. It is suggested that during the construction of bridge hanging basket, the stress and strain changes of the beam segment before the closure of the side span should be monitored during the construction period until the end of the construction.