Abstract: Taking the grinding workshop of a machinery factory as the research object, the grinding workshop model with air curtain and exhaust hood dust removal was established with Solidworks software. Based on the theory of gas-solid two-phase flow, the computational fluid dynamics discrete particle model (CFD−DPM) was used to simulate and analyze the influence of air curtain air supply speed, jet angle and jet width on dust removal efficiency, and the optimal parameters of air curtain were selected. On this basis, the wind speed distribution, dust migration trajectory and dust mass concentration distribution under three working conditions of not opening the exhaust hood, opening the exhaust hood, opening the exhaust hood at the same time and air curtain were compared and analyzed. The results show that the maximum dust concentration and the dust concentration in the breathing zone decrease with the increase of the air supply velocity and the jet width of the air curtain, but do not change with the jet angle of the air curtain. The dust concentration increases first and then decreases with the increase of ground height, and the change trend of dust concentration at different heights is basically the same. When the air curtain jet width is 30 mm, the jet angle is 30°, and the air supply speed is 3 m/s, the ventilation and dust removal effect is the best, and the dust removal efficiency is as high as 94.2%. Compared with only opening the exhaust hood, the dust removal efficiency under the synergistic effect of the exhaust hood and the air curtain is increased by 38.8%. The synergistic effect of the air curtain and the exhaust hood has a good synergistic effect on dust removal.