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张子越,黄连丽,周奎,等. 考虑侧向稳定性的四轮转向车辆横纵向综合控制器设计[J]. 安徽工业大学学报(自然科学版),2024,41(6):1-10. DOI: 10.12415/j.issn.1671-7872.24097
引用本文: 张子越,黄连丽,周奎,等. 考虑侧向稳定性的四轮转向车辆横纵向综合控制器设计[J]. 安徽工业大学学报(自然科学版),2024,41(6):1-10. DOI: 10.12415/j.issn.1671-7872.24097
ZHANG Ziyue, HUANG Lianli, ZHOU Kui, XING Di, GU Longhao. Design of Lateral and Longitudinal Controller for Four Wheel Steering Vehicles Considering Lateral Stability[J]. Journal of Anhui University of Technology(Natural Science). DOI: 10.12415/j.issn.1671-7872.24097
Citation: ZHANG Ziyue, HUANG Lianli, ZHOU Kui, XING Di, GU Longhao. Design of Lateral and Longitudinal Controller for Four Wheel Steering Vehicles Considering Lateral Stability[J]. Journal of Anhui University of Technology(Natural Science). DOI: 10.12415/j.issn.1671-7872.24097

考虑侧向稳定性的四轮转向车辆横纵向综合控制器设计

Design of Lateral and Longitudinal Controller for Four Wheel Steering Vehicles Considering Lateral Stability

  • 摘要: 为提高车辆的跟踪精度与侧向稳定性,根据四轮转向车辆的机动性特点,设计1种考虑侧向稳定性的横纵向综合跟踪控制器。基于上层提供的参考速度,在考虑道路曲率与侧向加速度约束的条件下进行安全速度约束,得到平滑的安全速度曲线;将横向跟踪与速度跟踪结合,搭建基于模型预测控制算法的横纵向跟踪综合控制模块,以参考路径、安全速度为目标,求解横纵向同时约束下的前后轮转角与纵向期望加速度;基于车辆逆纵向动力学模型设计纵向下位控制模块,考虑车辆载荷转移效应,根据纵向期望加速度计算电机扭矩与车轮制动力矩;选用CarSim与Matlab/Simulink平台进行双移线工况联合仿真实验,且与横纵向独立控制器进行实时性对比,验证设计控制器的跟踪精度和侧向稳定性。结果表明:设计控制器的跟踪效果较佳,横向跟踪误差峰值为0.038 4 m、横摆角误差峰值为0.27°、速度跟踪误差峰值为0.097 3 km/h、车辆侧向加速度不超过0.4g,且合加速度处于附着椭圆内,可满足精度与稳定性需求;同时控制器迭代时间较独立控制器缩短了29.1%,可提高车辆控制的实时性。

     

    Abstract: To improve the tracking accuracy and lateral stability of vehicles, a longitudinal and lateral integrated tracking controller considering lateral stability was designed based on the maneuverability characteristics of four-wheel steering vehicle. The reference speed provided by the upper layer was used to impose safety speed constraints considering road curvature and lateral acceleration constraints, resulting in a smooth safety speed curve. Combining lateral tracking with speed tracking, a comprehensive control module for longitudinal and lateral integrated tracking based on a model predictive control algorithm was built. With the reference path and safety speed as targets, the front and rear wheel steering angles and longitudinal desired acceleration were solved under simultaneous longitudinal and lateral constraints. A longitudinal lower control module was designed based on the inverse longitudinal dynamics model of the vehicle, while considering the load transfer effect of the vehicle, and the motor torque and wheel braking torque based on the longitudinal desired acceleration were calculated. CarSim and Matlab/Simulink platforms were used for joint simulation experiments of dual line shifting conditions, and comparing real-time performance with independent controllers in both horizontal and vertical directions, to verify the tracking accuracy and lateral stability of the designed controller. The results show that the designed controller achieves good tracking performance, with a peak lateral tracking error of 0.038 4 m, a peak yaw angle error of 0.27°, a peak velocity tracking error of 0.097 3 km/h.The lateral acceleration of the vehicle does not exceed 0.4g, and the resultant acceleration remains within the adhesion ellipse, satisfying the requirements for precision and stability. Meanwhile, the iteration time of the integrated controller is reduced by 29.1% compared to the independent controllers, which can improve the real-time performance of vehicle control.

     

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