Abstract: During the continuous annealing process of strip steel, tension is one of the key parameters affecting the bending of the strip steel. Reasonable tension is crucial to ensure the efficient and stable operation of the strip steel. To obtain the critical tension for strip buckling and formulate effective process measures to suppress strip buckling, a “two-roller and one-strip” finite element model was established with the finite element software ABAQUS. The critical tension of strip steel buckling under different conveyor roller crown, roller surface platform length, friction coefficient between strip and conveyor rollers, and strip width was simulated and calculated.Combined with the distribution of surface stress and the magnitude of the transverse compressive stress on the strip, the influence of the transfer roller crown, roller surface platform length, friction coefficient, and strip width on the critical tension for strip buckling was analyzed. The results show that with the increase of the transfer roller crown, friction coefficient, and strip width, the critical tension of strip buckling tends to decrease. However, with the increase of the transfer roller platform length, the critical tension of the strip steel buckling increases, among which the roller convexity has the greatest impact on the critical tension of the strip buckling. In actual production, to ensure the stability of high-speed strip steel passing through the plate, it is recommended to comprehensively consider factors such as roll convexity, roll surface platform area length, friction coefficient, and strip width to optimize the process, ensuring that all parameters are within the optimal range. The “two-roller and one-strip” model of strip steel through plate established in this article has been successfully applied to Baosteel’s cold rolling and annealing production line. This study can provide practical technical guidance for optimizing the selection of conveyor rollers for annealing units in production sites, determining the actual tension of strip steel, and analyzing and solving the problem of buckling.