Abstract: Using sandstone specimens with holes (outer diameter: 50 mm, inner diameter: 10 mm) as the research object, 28-day corrosion tests were conducted in acidic (pH=5) and alkaline (pH=9) solutions to analyze the effects of corrosive environments on physical parameters, mineral composition, and microstructure. The dynamic impact compression tests were conducted at different impact velocities using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) setup, the effects of acid and alkaline corrosion on the physicochemical damage mechanisms and dynamic mechanical properties of sandstone specimens were investigated. The results show that acidic corrosion l conditions dissolve Na⁺, Al³⁺, Fe³⁺ ions white forming silicic acid (H₂SiO₃⁻) precipitates, whereas alkaline environments primarily generate dissolved species including Al(OH)₄⁻ and H₂SiO₄²⁻. The dynamic compressive strength and elastic modulus follow exponential growth patterns with increasing impact velocity, while dynamic peak strain and average strain rate exhibit quadratic growth trends. Alkaline-corroded specimens demonstrate superior dynamic strength properties compared to acid-corroded ones, though both show significant degradation relative to neutral conditions. Furthermore, increasing impact velocity intensifies specimen fragmentation and reduces average particle size. These findings elucidate the damage accumulation mechanisms in perforated sandstone under coupled chemical-mechanical effects, providing theoretical support for long-term stability evaluation of underground rock masses.