Abstract: Cyclic impact tests were conducted on sandstone specimens at room temperature and after heat treatment at 200– 1 000 ℃ using a split Hopkinson pressure bar (SHPB) device under the same impact velocity. The variations in mineral composition and microstructure of sandstone before and after high-temperature exposure were analyzed, and the dynamic mechanical characteristics and energy dissipation behavior of high-temperature sandstone under cyclic impact loading were investigated. The results indicate that with increasing temperature, the quartz diffraction intensity exhibited a pattern of “attenuation-temporary recovery-sharp decline” with the temperature range of 400–800 ℃ identified as the critical stage for the attenuation of mass and wave velocity. The dynamic peak stress and dynamic elastic modulus decreased exponentially with increasing impact number, while the dynamic peak strain increased following a polynomial relationship. The specimens treated at 200 ℃ endured the maximum number of impact cycles (12 times). Regarding energy evolution, the reflected energy continuously increased with impact number, with a maximum increase of 195.03%, whereas both transmitted energy and absorbed energy gradually decreased. The cumulative specific energy absorption values varied significantly among specimens at different temperatures, based on which the damage modes were classified into three categories: ductile failure at room temperature and 200 ℃, medium-to-high temperature brittle failure at 400–800 ℃, and extreme brittle failure at 1 000 ℃. A larger cumulative specific energy absorption value corresponded to a greater number of cyclic impacts the specimen could withstand. In terms of failure morphology, specimens at 25 ℃ and 200 ℃ exhibited a single dominant axial fracture, while those at 1 000 °C transitioned to a multi-fracture interconnected failure mode. The temperature of 400 ℃ could serve as the degradation threshold for the rapid development of dynamic damage in sandstone. The findings provide a theoretical basis for safety assessment and support design in deep high-temperature rock engineering.