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带坡道转换的沉积浊流的实验研究

Experimental Study of DepositionTurbidity Current with a SlopeTransition

  • 摘要: 为探究带坡道转换的浊流沉积特性,采用带3°坡道转换的长15 m的水下重力流实验水槽,以连续入流型浊流为对象,进行4 L/s相同入流量、不同入流体积分数的5次浊流沉积实验。结果表明:入流体积分数为0.006时,除入口0.2~0.6 m范围外,下游未出现明显沉积物波;入流体积分数为0.02时,浊流在整个斜坡上形成沉积物波并随水流方向往下游缓慢迁移。沉积物波的迎流面平缓而背流面较陡;波峰的平均粒径沿流向减小,同一沉积物波上波峰的颗粒物粒径大于两边波谷,较长的迎流面的波谷颗粒物平均粒径大于较短的背流面波谷颗粒物平均粒径。

     

    Abstract: To investigate the depositional characteristics of turbidity currents with a slope transition, taking subaqueous turbidity flows as object, five depositional turbidity current experiments with the same discharge of 4 L/s but different volume concentrations were carried out in a 15 m long flume with a 3 degree slope transition. The results show that, when the sand volumetric concentration is 0.006, a few sediment waves appeared at a distance of 0.2-0.6 m from the inlet. While the volumetric concentration is 0.02, sediment waves formed on the whole slope and migrated slowly downstream. The sediment wave of stoss side is flatter than that of lee side. The average particle size of wave peak decreases downstream, the sediment size of the wave peak is bigger than those of its two sides on the same sediment wave, and that of the longer stow side larger than those at the shorter lee side.

     

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