Abstract: Based on the survey data of China's housing provident fund system in 2016, a logit regression model was constructed to study the influence of housing provident fund on the regional difference of potential housing consumption behavior of non-buyers. The results show that, as a potential housing consumer group, the housing provident fund has a significant impact on their willingness to buy a house, the time of buying a house, the use of a house and the pressure on the purchase of a house, and it has a heterogeneous effect in different cities. Firstly, in the first and second-tier cities, the housing provident fund can not further strengthen its willingness to buy a house, and cannot relieve the pressure of buying a house, but it has obviously promoted its short-term housing purchase behavior, and compared with other cities, the proportion of first-tier cities buying houses for investment is larger; secondly, in cities of the second-and third-tier and below, the accumulation fund has a positive effect on the consumption of housing purchase in cities; Thirdly, the effect of provident fund on the willingness and behavior of urban residents to buy a house in the third-tier and below is remarkable. Therefore, it is necessary to give full play to the positive role of housing accumulation fund in promoting housing consumption through system reform, balance the support of provident fund to all cities, and promote the steady and healthy development of real estate market.