Abstract: In order to study the stress of orthotropic steel bridge deck under axial force, the finite element modle of whole bridge was established, and the axial force information of the steel bridge was obtained. The local finite element model of the steel bridge deck was established, and the stress at the fatigue details under each working condition was extracted, and the stress change was analyzed, and the most unfavorable loading conditions for each fatigue detail was obtained. The fatigue performance of each structure detail under the action of axial force under the most unfavorable loading condition was compared and studied. The results show that the axial force has little influence on the stress amplitude of each detail, has a great influence on the average stress of the toe on U-rib and the toe on diaphragm, and has a little influence on the average stress of the U-rib roof weld and the arcshaped notch.