Abstract: Based on the mechanism of credit rationing on the intergenerational transmission of rural poverty, the current situation and historical changes of rural credit rationing in Anhui Province, the rural poor families in Anhui Province were selected as the research sample, and the impact of credit rationing on the intergenerational transmission of rural poverty was empirically analyzed by 2015 sample data of China household finance survey (CHFS). The results show that the credit rationing has a macro and micro mechanism, which leads to the inter-generational transmission of rural poverty. The degree of credit rationing is high in Anhui Province. There is a significant and serious phenomenon of intergenerational transmission of rural poverty in Anhui Province, and credit rationing plays a significant role in promoting the intergenerational transmission of rural poverty. Increasing the effective supply of rural credit resources and reducing the degree of rural credit rationing are important means to effectively block the intergenerational transmission of rural poverty.