A Study of Thermal Dissolution of Coal and Utilization of its Soluble Fraction
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摘要: 煤的热溶技术为煤的高效、洁净利用提供了新途径。介绍煤热溶技术及煤热溶物应用研究方面的进展，综述溶剂、温度、添加剂及煤样预处理等对煤热溶性能的影响；基于煤催化裂解的研究基础，对煤的催化热溶及催化剂选择进行探讨；依据煤热溶物热塑性高、黏结性强、灰分含量低以及反应活性高等特性，探讨其在配煤炼焦、煤基燃料及煤基纳米碳材料等方面的应用。结果表明：溶剂、温度和添加剂可破坏煤大分子结构中非共价键和弱共价键，松弛煤网络骨架结构，进而促进煤的热溶，提高煤热溶物产率。其中：极性溶剂特别是如吲哚等含氮有机化合物，能够诱导煤大分子网络结构松弛；适宜的热溶温度可不同程度断裂煤中非共价键和弱共价键；添加剂可破坏煤的缔合结构。酸碱预处理可部分脱除煤中灰分、破坏煤大分子结构中的离子键，水热处理可部分破坏煤中氢键。Abstract: The thermal dissolution (TD) of coal provides a new way for the high efficient and clean utilization of coal. The development of TD technology of coal and the utilizations of thermal dissolution soluble fraction (TDSF)wereintroduced.Theeffectsofsolvent,temperature,additiveandpretreatmentofcoalontheTDperformances of coal were reviewed. The catalytic TD of coal and its catalyst selection were also discussed. In addition, according to the characteristics of high thermoplasticity, strong caking property, low ash content and high reactivity of TDSF, its utilizations in the coke-making of blending coal, the preparation of coal-based fuel and coal-based nano carbon materials were also discussed. It has suggested that suitable solvent, TD temperature and additive can break non-covalent and weak covalent bonds, relax macromolecular network structure of coal, thus promoting the TD of coal, and improving the yield of TDSF. Polar solvent, especially for organic compounds containing nitrogen such as indole, can relax the macromolecular network structure of coal by induction. The non-covalent and weak covalent bonds in coal can be broken in different degrees at appropriate TD temperature. Additives can also disassociate the structure of coal. Acid and base treatment can remove partially mineral in coal, thus destroying some ionic bonds in coal. Hydrothermal pretreatment can break some hydrogen bonds in the coal.
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Keywords:
- coal thermal dissolution /
- pretreatment /
- catalyst /
- TDSF utilization
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