Abstract: The influencing factors of the government purchasing public services levels are the important basis of making public governance policies. This study takes the government purchase of public services in 21 provinces of China as a samples to construct provincial panel data and analyzes factors affecting the purchase of public services by the government from 4 aspects of economy, market, government and public demand. The empirical results show that fiscal ability of local government, per capita GDP and market degree have an obviously positive impact on the levels of government purchase of public services. However, the interaction machanism of fiacal decentralization and economic growth has an obviously nagetive impact on the levels of government purchase of public services. Based on the analysis, the government should further expand the scope of the purchase of public services to the market and social organizations. And the government should strengthen the fiscal capacity of local government construction as the foundation and improve the level of public service outsourcing.The government should improve the fiscal decentralization system, clear the public service supply responsibility of all levels of government, innovate the government to buy public service mode, and improve the efficiency of public expenditure.